Abstract: The regional geological and mineral survey projects of 1∶50,000 Huayuan and Guzhang have found out the deformation features of the Dayong-Guzhang-Jishou fault in northwest Hunan province, and the distribution characteristics of lithology, lithofacies and palaeocoenosis in the Early Paleozoic rock stratigraphic units at both sides of the fault. Comprehensive studies show the fault is an important boundary between the Wuling and Xuefeng blocks in the southeastern margin of Yangtze plate, and the fault, as a long-term active structure, controls the distribution of regional lithology, lithofacies and mineral resources. These new understanding are favorable to the prospecting and exploration of sedimentary manganese, lead and zinc deposits in the northwest Hunan province.