Abstract: When carrying out geochemical soil survey in less developed drainadge in forest swamp hilly areas, different sampling media are used to handle the difficulties during sampling coursed by the 1-3m deep claypans in some locations. By comparative study in the grade distribution, elemental distribution of residual soil, humus soil and clay, and by comparative study of element contents in samples collected at the same points, it is conclude that, when carrying out 1∶50,000 geochemical exploration on the forest swamp hilly landscapes in central north Greater Khingan Mountains, the sampling media should be residual slope soil; the sampling grade should be -10~+60mesh; the sampling density should be 9 points/km²; and the field sample processing method should be water sieving.