Abstract: After decades of geological exploration in Shipingchuan molybdenum mining area in the southeastern Zhejiang, the amount of molybdenum resources has reached a large scale. In order to better understand the ore control mechanism in Shipingchuan molybdenum mining area and provide theoretical basis for determining new prospecting targets around the old mine, the authors systematically observed and analyzed the characteristics of the intra layer structure, joint and fissure measurement statistics, quartz vein cutting relationship, and micro vein cutting relationship in the mining area. Regional structural analysis method and joint statistical analysis method were used to study the structural characteristics and ore control mechanism of Shipingchuan molybdenum mining area. The molybdenum deposit was generally controlled by Shipingchuan volcanic dome and structure,and it wholely occured within the faults and intra layer structure belts in the range of Shipingchuan volcanic dome. Besides, it was strictly controlled by the intra layer structure, which provides a migration pathway and storage space for the formation of molybdenite veins. The regional tectonic stress field and the condensation and contraction of the rock mass jointly formed the intra layer structure of the mining area. The study results could provide some references for prospecting targets screening in the peripheral areas of Shipingchuan molybdenum mining area.