Abstract: Conducting ecological assessment would help understanding the ecological conditions. In this paper, Bayan-Fangzheng area of Harbin City of Heilongjiang Province was chosen as the study area. Based on Landsat 8 satellite remote sensing data in September 2019, the authors extracted the surface temperature, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), brightness and humidity of 3 counties in this area, and then classified the ecological condition as excellent, good, moderate, acceptable and poor using remote sensing ecological index (RSEI). Finally, forest-grass land, construction land, dry farm, and paddy field were classified on the basis of GlobeLand 30 data in 2020 and visual interpretation, and ecological condition of each county and land cover were assessed and spatially analyzed. Results showed that the ecological condition for each county was identical and generally good, and the excellent, good and moderate region accounted for nearly 96% of the total area. The ecological condition varied between different land covers, with forest-grass land being excellent and good, construction land being moderate and acceptable, and paddy field being good and moderate. The understanding on the ecological condition was preliminarily revealed in Bayan-Fangzheng area from this research, which could provide valuable data for green development.