Abstract: In order to analyze the content level and spatial distribution characteristics of selenium in the surface soil of typical areas in Qinzhou of Guangxi, and the influencing factors of selenium content distribution, and provide scientific basis for the planning and utilization of selenium rich land, the authors in this paper collected 348 surface soil samples from Xinguang Farm to discuss the impact of different factors on the distribution of selenium element, through multiple statistical analysis, cold and hot spot analysis, geographic detectors. The results Xinguang show that selenium content in the surface soil of the study area was 0.07-2.56 mg/kg, with an average value of 0.91 mg/kg, and 89.38% of the samples met the selenium enrichment standard. The spatial distribution of soil selenium content was aggregated, and the hot spots were mainly located in the western and northwestern part of the study area. The statistical analysis shows that soil derived from Devonian carbonate rocks and clastic rocks has higher selenium content, and there is a significant correlation between Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃ and selenium content. Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, soil parent material, and organic matter content have strong explanatory power for the spatial variability of selenium content, by geodetector analysis. The comprehensive analysis shows that parent material and soil physicochemical property are the main factors affecting the distribution of soil selenium content. This research has good reference value for the investigation and utilization of selenium rich land in Qinzhou.