Abstract: Groundwater ground source heat pump system has outstanding advantages, but the system operation process has certain influence on groundwater water level, water temperature and water quality. So it is necessary to study the impact of the development and utilization of groundwater ground source heat pump system on the geological environment of the project site. In this paper, a groundwater ground source heat pump system engineering in a school of Guanzhong area and a groundwater ground source heat pump system engineering in a sales department of Southern Shaanxi area were selected for studying. The authors analysised the influence on geological conditions by monitoring the groundwater temperature, water level and water quality dynamic data during the operation of the project. The results show that the groundwater level recovers rapidly when the project is balanced, and the long-term operation of the ground source heat pump project will not change the regional water table significantly. In a complete heating and cooling year, the groundwater temperature at different depths of the well is in equilibrium. In the running process, water quality including cation and anion, total hardness, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, pH value and hydrochemistry type had no obvious change. Cyanide, arsenic, mercury ions of toxic elements, volatile phenol, lead ions, chromium ions, copper ions were below the detection limit. Only zinc ions concentration operation was changed by engineering. This paper provides technical support for scientific popularizing and application of the groundwater ground source heat pump system, by analyzing the influence on geological conditions of engineering site caused by the development and utilization of groundwater ground source heat pump system.