Abstract: Luoshan County in the Western Dabie Mountain is identified as a national ecological water source conservation area. In order to find out and evaluate the regional water environment quality, with the consideration of water function zoning, the researchers in this paper arranged 99 sampling points from south to north in 4 main river sections in Luoshan County. Eight indexes were selected for water quality analysis, including pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper and fluoride. The water environment quality in Luoshan Country is assessed according to single factor and composite index methods, combing with the soil geochemistry survey results. The results show that ① The comprehensive pollution index of water quality in Luoshan county is 0.41, belonging to light pollution of class III. The total nitrogen pollution index is 1.5, which is the most serious. The total phosphorus and Cu pollution index were close to 0, and the water body is uncontaminated. ② The water quality in the 5 out of 7 water functional zones have reached the standard and the whole water environment is good. The comprehensive pollution index of each water functional area is ranked as Xiaohuang River drinking water source area< Zhugan River reserve area