Abstract: Landslide is one of the main types of geological disasters in Shaxi river basin, and the assessment of landslide hazard susceptibility can provide data basis and decision-making basis for regional geological disaster prevention. Based on the ecological geological survey in Shaxi river basin, the authors in this paper analyzes the relationship between the distribution law of landslide hazards and the influencing factors. Seven indicators, including lithological construction, landform, slope, aspect, rainfall, distance from the river and distance from the fault, have been selected, and analytic hierarchy process and spatial analysis technology of geographic information system are used to evaluate the vulnerability of landslide geological hazards in Shaxi river basin. The results show that the influencing factors of landslide susceptibility in Shaxi river basin are lithological formation, annual average precipitation, landform, slope, distance from river, distance from fault and slope aspect. The landslide hazard susceptibility in Shaxi river basin is positively correlated with the slope, lithological formation and annual average precipitation. The larger slope, the weaker the lithological formation, the easily weathered and the annual average precipitation is more likely to cause landslide hazards. The landslide hazard susceptibility is negatively correlated with fault structure, river distance and landslide hazard susceptibility, and the closer distance will easily induce the geological hazards. Shaxi river basin is mainly composed of low prone areas and extremely low prone areas, while the high prone areas are mainly distributed in the central south, east and northeast of Shaxi river basin. The research results proviole basic data and decision basis for geological disaster prevention and antrol in the shaxi river basin.