Abstract: Based on the previous research of typical deposit, the authors in this paper have summarized geological characteristics, genetic type and metallogenic regularity, and focused on the geological characteristics and metallogenic mechanism of 13 lead-zinc-gold-silver polymetallic deposits, including Cu, W, Sn and pyrite. The genetic types of lead-zinc-gold-silver polymetallic deposits in Hunan Province include 3 tertiary (quaternary), which are contact metasomatism type (calcium skarn type), magmatic hydrothermal type (filling metasomatism and altered rock type) and medium-low temperature hydrothermal type (sedimentary hydrothermal remodeling). The deposits of contact metasomatism type were formed in exocontact between acid-hypabyssal and acid-intermediate granite of Yanshanian, and carbonate of Devonian System and Carboniferous System. The ore bearing strata is marble of calcium skarn type, and the metallogenic type is metasomatism type and the deposits of magmatic hydrothermal type are filling. Besides, the acid-hypabyssal and acid-intermediate deposits were mainly in carbonate of Sinian System, Devonian System and Carboniferous System, belonging to mutil-stage and poly-genetic deposits, and the metallogenic materials were from a variety of sources. The calcium skarn type and magmatic hydrothermal type deposits were controlled by tectonic and magmata rock. The medium-low temperature hydrothermal type tungsten-zinc deposits were controlled by the Qiziqiao Formation of Devonian System, lithofacies paleogeography and tectonic. The gold deposits occurred in Tiaomajian Formation. The ore concentration areas were determined, including Dengfuxian ore concentration areas in Southeastern Hunan, Shuishankou- Dayishan-Shangbao ore concentration areas, Baoshan-Xianglinghua ore concentration areas, Qianlishan-Qitianling-Yaogangxian ore concentration areas, Tianlongshan-Xikuangshan of Liushutang ore concentration areas in Central Hunan, and Lianyunshan- Liuyang of Pingjiang ore concentration areas in Northeastern Hunan, which would further help narrow the ore prospecting scope and clarify the prospecting direction.