Abstract: The Xiaoyangqi district is located in southern Daxing’an Mountains, and belongs to Daxing’an Mountains forest ecological function district, with the high forest coverage and rich wetland resource, which used to be timber production base. In order to master the situation and change of landuse types and evaluate the ecolo-gical environment condition, the authors used the multi-source remote sensing data, the multi-resolution segmentation technology, and decision tree and visual interpretation methods to obtain the area of differen landuse types of 1985, 1998, 2008 and 2018, calculate the Ecological Index (IE) and analyse ecological environmental condition. The results show that the landuse types in the study area are mainly forest, wetland and water bodies, which account for more than 97% of the total area. Swamp meadow was mainly transformed from broad-leaved forest, and agricultural land was mainly transformed from broad-leaved forest and swamp meadow. The grassland was mainly converted into broad-leaved forest and swamp meadow. And the transformation between broad-leaf forest and swamp meadow is the strongest. The new-added human facilities occur on the original broad-leaf forest and swamp meadow areas. In general, ecological condition remains favorable, and plays an important role in ecological security and developing green economy.