Abstract: Lithology is an important part of ecogeological environment conditions, and it is of great significance for ecological protection and restoration to identify the effects of different lithology on plant community. Taking the rocks, soil and plant community under same landform and climatic condition as research objects, the authors in this paper conducted comprehensive investigation and analysis of plants and soil to explore the corresponding relationship among rocks-soil-plant community. The relationship between geological background conditions and plant community distribution was obtained mainly from the particle distribution size composition, chemical composition and physical properties of soils derived from different parent rocks. The results shows: ① The parent rock lithology, soil texture, soil pH, and soil nutrients, and the major and trace elements are important factors to affect the distribution of plant community; ② The richness of soil nutrients in different lithological areas is ranked according to that in greywacke area>siltstone area>sandy conglomerates area>feldspathic quartz sandstone area>granite area.