Abstract: Geological Compressed Air Energy Storage (GCAES) can provide a flexible and efficient energy storage scheme for the large-scale deployment of intermittent clean energy, such as wind energy and solar energy, which could promote the rapid transformation of energy structure and accelerate the realization of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality strategy. Based on the introduction of the concept and classification of GCAES, the authors have summarized the research status and development trend of GCAES from aspects of theoretical analysis, technical methods and economic cost, and described the key parameters and experience of typical engineering cases of GCAES, including salt caverns, aquifers and exhausted oil and gas fields, in order to analyze the application prospect of GCAES. With the increasing proportion of clean and renewable energy in the power grid, the authors have also explored the characteristics and influence factors of different storage tanks, and put forward their suitable conditions, which could provide some scientific reference for the sustainable development and utilization of clean energy.