Abstract: Planning and construction work in the capital area is mainly distributed on the loose strata of the Beijing Plain,therefore, the study of Quaternary geology is particularly important. According to the 1:50 000 regional geological survey and special investigation of active faults in the Beijing Plain, the author has systematically summarized the main methods and techniques of Quaternary regional geological survey and evaluation, and the effects in solving the basic geological, ecological and environmental problems in the Quaternary. The fine geological structure of the Quaternary, distribution characteristics of aquifers, the active fault location and active time limit were accurately determined, and the evolution sequence of natural environment and human activities were discussed through regional geological survey in Beijing Plain, which also provide basis for city planning, key project construction and exploitation of water resources in emergency water sources. The results also provide important geological support for disaster reduction and prevention and research on ecological environment in evolution the capital city.