Abstract: In order to fully support the overall protection, systematic restoration and comprehensive management of the landscape, forest, field, lake and grass,since 2019 China Geological Survey has organized and implemented the “project of ecogeological survey”, which is guided by the theory of earth system science. This project has focused on 1:500 000 ecogeological survey of the distribution of the forest, grass and wetland in Northern China, and 1:50 000 ecogeological survey of the ecological function of Daliangshan district and the source regions of Yellow River. Integrated survey technique of “Air-Space-Ground” sensors has been applied to obtain the different scales of the spatial distribution and variation data of the forest, grasslands and wetlands, the distribution data of ecogelolgical conditions such as soil parent rock, hydrogeological factors, soil and topography, as well as the distribution of ecological problems such as desertification and wetland shrinkage. By analyzing the mutual influence and constraint between ecology and geology and the genetic mechanism of the ecological problems, the ecogeological units have been divided and the ecogeological maps have been established. These achievements provide some suggestions and countermeasure of the land space ecological protection and restoration based on the theory of earth system science, and provide the basic data and technical support for the work on ecological protection and system restoration in Northern China.