Abstract: The Bogda Mountain piedmont is located in the eastern segment of the thrust belt in south margin of Jungar Basin. Key geological problems, such as complex structural deformation, vague sedimentary evolution and undefined accumulation factors, have restricted the oil and gas exploration process in this area. A series of comprehensive studies, about the field geological surveys, seismic data processing and interpretation, and source rock geochemical analysis, was conducted by the Xinjiang Project team of Oil and Gas Survey of China Geological Survey in the piedmont of the Bogda Mountain in order to clarify structural deformation patterns and evolution process. The Permian Lucaogou Formation was defined as the source rock deposition center and the oil and gas resource potential in this area was evaluated. Besides, the multiple oil and gas accumulation model was proposed. Drilling practice has further confirmed the good potential of oil and gas resources in the area, which also promoted the process of oil and gas exploration in the area. These investigations have some reference significance for oil and gas exploration in similar areas.