Abstract: Lithium, beryllium and tantalum are the most important rare metals currently, especially with the increasing demand of emerging industries on rare metals. Moreover, this phenomenon has led the prospecting work to make a series of new progresses. The study of lithium and other rare metals mineralization mechanism is not thorough, and there is still a series of debate around this study. Based on many years of practice, this paper put forward a new understanding of “multi-cycle, deep circulation, integration of internal and external” mechanism for the mineralization of lithium. In addition, the “five levels + basement” exploration model was expanded, and the prospecting work in the Keeryin pegmatite ore field, in the Jiajika pegmatite ore in western Sichuan, in the Mufushan-Jiuling ore district in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi border area, and in the central orogenic belt of the Qinba Mountain, was guided based on the new understanding. New progresses have been made in the program of looking for spodumene deposies of pegmatite type, amblygonite deposits of granite-type and beryllium deposit of strata-bound hydrothermal type, pointing out a new direction and opening a new window for prospecting rare metal deposits in China.